
Dry Eye Clinic
Dr. Abdalrahman Alabsi
Refresh Optive UD

Suitable dryness severity: Moderate
Target tear layer: Aqueous + epithelial cell protection
Preservative and its effect: Preservative-free
Ingredients:
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium 0.5%: viscosity and stable hydration of the tear film (target layer: aqueous)
Glycerin 0.9-1%: long-lasting humectant that does not blur vision (target layer: aqueous)
Erythritol: osmoprotection of cells against oxidative desiccation (target layer: aqueous + epithelial protection)
L-Carnitine (Levocarnitine): restores osmotic balance and normalizes cell function (target layer: aqueous + epithelial protection)
Additional benefits (beyond lubrication) / notes: Erythritol and levocarnitine (osmoprotectants) work independently of lubrication to restore the osmotic balance of epithelial cells and normalize their function